crime prevention

FC2 & Rakuten Online Websites Multiple XSS (Cross-site Scripting) and Open Redirect Cyber Vulnerabilities

Posted by

0

FC2 & Rakuten Online Websites Multiple XSS (Cross-site Scripting) and Open Redirect Cyber Vulnerabilities

 

FC2 and Rakuten are the first and second top ranking Japanese local online websites. This article introduces several XSS (Cross-site Scripting) and Open Redirect bugs of them.

 

The Alexa rank of fc2.com is 52 on February 18 2015 and related rank in Japan is 4. The Alexa rank of rakuten.co.jp is 64 on May 29 2015 and related rank is japan is 7. We know that Google, Facebook, Twitter, Yahoo, Microsoft, Apple and LinkedIn are not local Japanese companies at all.

 

 

Discover and Reporter:
Wang Jing, Division of Mathematical Sciences (MAS), School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences (SPMS), Nanyang Technological University (NTU), Singapore. (@justqdjing)
http://www.tetraph.com/wangjing

 

 

(1) FC2 XSS (cross site scripting) & Open Redirect

 

Domain:
blog.fc2.com/

 

“FC2 (founded July 20, 1999) is a popular Japanese blogging host, the third most popular video hosting service in Japan (after YouTube and Niconico), and a web hosting company headquartered in Las Vegas, Nevada. It is the sixth most popular website in Japan overall (as of January 2014). FC2 is an abbreviation of “Fantastic Kupi-Kupi (クピクピ)”. It is known to allow controversial adult content such as pornography and hate speech (unlike many of its competitors). The company uses rented office space for its headquarters which it shares with many other U.S.-based businesses. It also pays taxes in the United States. The physical servers are located in the United States. However, it is believed that the majority of the company and its users (including employees) are located within Japan” (Wikipedia)

 

The Alexa rank of fc2.com is 52 on February 18 2015. It is the toppest Japanese local website sevice.

 

 

(1.1) FC2 fc2.com Online Website URLs XSS (cross site scripting) Vulnerabilities (All URLs Under Domain blog.fc2.com/tag)

 

Vulnerability description:

FC2 has a computer cyber security bug problem. It is vulnerable to XSS attacks. Here is the description of XSS: “Hackers are constantly experimenting with a wide repertoire of hacking techniques to compromise websites and web applications and make off with a treasure trove of sensitive data including credit card numbers, social security numbers and even medical records. Cross-site Scripting (also known as XSS or CSS) is generally believed to be one of the most common application layer hacking techniques Cross-site Scripting allows an attacker to embed malicious JavaScript, VBScript, ActiveX, HTML, or Flash into a vulnerable dynamic page to fool the user, executing the script on his machine in order to gather data. The use of XSS might compromise private information, manipulate or steal cookies, create requests that can be mistaken for those of a valid user, or execute malicious code on the end-user systems. The data is usually formatted as a hyperlink containing malicious content and which is distributed over any possible means on the internet.” (Acunetix)

 

fc2_blog_xss2

 

The programming code flaw occurs at fc2 URLs’ filenames . Fc2 only filter part of the filenames in the urls. Almost all urls are affected under domain blog.fc2.com/tag are affected. i.e.
http://blog.fc2.com/tag/drug/
http://blog.fc2.com/tag//アメリカ/
http://blog.fc2.com/tag/tag/翻訳
http://blog.fc2.com/tag//>レシピブログに参加中♪

 

The vulnerability can be attacked without user login. Tests were performed on Firefox (37.02) in Ubuntu (14.04) and IE (9.0.15) in Windows 7.

 

POC Code:
http://blog.fc2.com/tag/drug//“><img src=x onerror=prompt(‘justqdjing’)>
http://blog.fc2.com/tag//アメリカ//“><img src=x onerror=prompt(‘justqdjing’)>
http://blog.fc2.com/tag/tag/翻訳//“><img src=x onerror=prompt(‘justqdjing’)>
http://blog.fc2.com/tag//>レシピブログに参加中//”><img src=x onerror=prompt(‘justqdjing’)>

 

 

 

(1.2) FC2 Online Web Service Open Redirect (Unvalidated Redirects and Forwards) Cyber Security Vulnerabilities

 

(1.2.1) Vulnerability Description:

FC2 online web service has a computer cyber security bug problem. It can be exploited by Open Redirect (Unvalidated Redirects and Forwards) attacks. Here is the description of Open Redirect: “An open redirect is an application that takes a parameter and redirects a user to the parameter value without any validation. This vulnerability is used in phishing attacks to get users to visit malicious sites without realizing it.” One consequences of it is Phishing. (OWASP)

 

The program code flaw can be attacked without user login. Tests were performed on Microsoft IE (9 9.0.8112.16421) of Windows 7, Mozilla Firefox (37.0.2) & Google Chromium 42.0.2311 (64-bit) of Ubuntu (14.04.2)，Apple Safari 6.1.6 of Mac OS X v10.9 Mavericks.

 

In fact, during the test, it is not hard to find URL Redirection bugs in FC2. Maybe fc2.com pays little attention to mitigate these Vulnerabilities. These bugs were found by using URFDS.

 

 

(1.2.2) Use one of webpages for the following tests. The webpage address is “http://securitypost.tumblr.com/“. Can suppose that this webpage is malicious.

 

 

(1.3) Vulnerability Disclosure:

Those vulnerabilities were reported to rakuten-cert@rakuten.co.jp in 2014. No one replied. Until now, they are still unpatched.

 

 

 

 

(2) Rakuten XSS (cross site scripting) & Open Redirect

 

Domain:
rakuten.com

“Rakuten, Inc. (楽天株式会社 Rakuten Kabushiki-gaisha?) is a Japanese electronic commerce and Internet company based in Tokyo, Japan. Its B2B2C e-commerce platform Rakuten Ichiba is the largest e-commerce site in Japan and among the world’s largest by sales. Hiroshi Mikitani founded the company in February 1997 as MDM, Inc., and is still its chief executive. Rakuten Shopping Mall (楽天市場 Rakuten Ichiba?) started operations in May 1997. In June 1999, the company changed its name to Rakuten, Inc. The Japanese word rakuten means optimism. In 2012, the company’s revenues totaled US$4.6 billion with operating profits of about US$244 million. In June 2013, Rakuten, Inc. reported it had a total of 10,351 employees worldwide. In 2005, Rakuten started expanding outside Japan, mainly through acquisitions and joint ventures. Its acquisitions include Buy.com (now Rakuten.com Shopping in the US), Priceminister (France), Ikeda (now Rakuten Brasil), Tradoria (now Rakuten Deutschland), Play.com (UK), Wuaki.tv (Spain), and Kobo Inc. (Canada). The company has investments in Pinterest, Ozon.ru, AHA Life, and Daily Grommet.” (Wikipedia)

 

The Alexa rank of rakuten.co.jp is 64 in May 29 2015. It is the second toppest Japanese local sevice website.

 

 

(2.1) Rakuten Website Search Page XSS (cross site scripting) Web Security Vulnerability

(2.1.1) Vulnerability description:

rakuten.de has a computer science security bug problem. It is vulnerable to XSS attacks. Here is the description of XSS: “Cross-Site Scripting (XSS) attacks are a type of injection, in which malicious scripts are injected into otherwise benign and trusted web sites. XSS attacks occur when an attacker uses a web application to send malicious code, generally in the form of a browser side script, to a different end user. Flaws that allow these attacks to succeed are quite widespread and occur anywhere a IEEE web application uses input from a user within the output it generates without validating or encoding it.” (OWSAP)

 

rakuten_de_search_xss1

 

(2.1.2) The program code flaw occurs at “&q” parameter in at “suchen/asd/?” pages, i.e.
http://www.rakuten.de/suchen/asd/?category_hierarchy=0&q=reddit_nice_music_news

 

The vulnerability can be attacked without user login. Tests were performed on Firefox (37.02) in Ubuntu (14.04) and IE (8.0. 7601) in Windows 7. The bugs found by using CSXDS.

POC Code:
http://www.rakuten.de/suchen/asd/?category_hierarchy=0&q=adcash_shopping_payment‘ /”><img src=x onerror=prompt(/tetraph/)>

 

(2.1.3) Vulnerability Disclosure:

Those vulnerabilities are patched now.

 

 

(2.2) Rakuten Online Website Open Redirect (URL Redirection) Cyber Security Vulnerabilities

(2.2.1) Vulnerability Description:

Rakuten online website has a computer engineering security bug problem. It can be exploited by URL Redirection (Unvalidated Redirects and Forwards) attacks. Here is the description of Open Redirect: “A web application accepts a user-controlled input that specifies a link to an external site, and uses that link in a Redirect. This simplifies phishing attacks. An http parameter may contain a URL value and could cause the web application to redirect the request to the specified URL. By modifying the URL value to a malicious site, an attacker may successfully launch a phishing scam and steal user credentials. Because the server name in the modified link is identical to the original site, phishing attempts have a more trustworthy appearance.” (From CWE)

 

“The Full Disclosure mailing list is a public forum for detailed discussion of vulnerabilities and exploitation techniques, as well as tools, papers, news, and events of interest to the community. FD differs from other security lists in its open nature and support for researchers’ right to decide how to disclose their own discovered bugs. The full disclosure movement has been credited with forcing vendors to better secure their products and to publicly acknowledge and fix flaws rather than hide them. Vendor legal intimidation and censorship attempts are not tolerated here!” A great many of the fllowing web securities have been published here, Buffer overflow, HTTP Response Splitting (CRLF), CMD Injection, SQL injection, Phishing, Cross-site scripting, CSRF, Cyber-attack, Unvalidated Redirects and Forwards, Information Leakage, Denial of Service, File Inclusion, Weak Encryption, Privilege Escalation, Directory Traversal, HTML Injection, Spam.

 

The program code flaw can be attacked without user login. Tests were performed on Microsoft IE (9 9.0.8112.16421) of Windows 7, Mozilla Firefox (37.0.2) & Google Chromium 42.0.2311 (64-bit) of Ubuntu (14.04.2)，Apple Safari 6.1.6 of Mac OS X v10.9 Mavericks.

 

Since know only a little Japanese, not sure whether Rakuten pays much attention to Open Redirect Vulnerabilities or not.

 

 

(2.2.2) Use one of webpages for the following tests. The webpage address is “http://www.inzeed.com/kaleidoscope/“. Can suppose that this webpage is malicious.

 

(2.2.3) Vulnerability Disclosure:

Those vulnerabilities are not patched now.

 

 

================

 

 

FC2＆楽天オンラインのウェブサイトの複数のXSS（クロスサイトスクリプティング）とオープンリダイレクトサイバー脆弱性

 

FC2と楽天は日本の地方オンラインWebサービスをランク付けする第一及び第二toppestです。この記事では、いくつかのXSS（クロスサイトスクリプティング）とオープンリダイレクトのバグを紹介します。

 

fc2.comのAlexaのランクは2015年2月18日に52であり、日本のランクはrakuten.co.jpのAlexaのランクは2015年5月29日に64で4であるとランク、日本は7です。

 

発見し、レポーター：
王ジン (Wang Jing)、数理科学研究部門（MAS）、物理的および数理科学科（SPMS）、南洋理工大学（NTU）、シンガポール。 （@justqdjing）
http://www.tetraph.com/wangjing

 

 

（1）FC2 XSS（クロスサイトスクリプティング）＆オープンリダイレクト



 

ドメイン：
blog.fc2.com/

（1999年7月20日に設立）」FC2は、日本の人気ブログのホスト、（YouTubeやニコニコ後）は、日本で3番目に人気のビデオホスティングサービス、およびラスベガス、ネバダ州に本社を置くウェブホスティング会社です。それは第六最も人気のあります全体的な日本のウェブサイト（2014年1月現在）。FC2はの略で、「ファンタスティックKupi-Kupi（クピクピ）」。これは、このようなポルノのような論争のアダルトコンテンツを許可することが知られており、（競合他社の多くとは異なり）スピーチを嫌いされています。会社それは他の多くの米国系企業と共有し、その本社のためのオフィススペースを借り使用しています。また、米国で税金を払っています。物理サーバが米国に所在している。しかし、それは会社の大部分と考えられ、そのされていますユーザー（従業員を含む）は、日本の中に位置しています」（ウィキペディア）

fc2.comのAlexaのランクはそれがtoppest日本のローカルウェブサイトの流通サービスである2月18日2015年に52です。

 

 

（1.1）FC2 fc2.comオンラインのウェブサイトのURL XSS（クロスサイトスクリプティング）脆弱性（ドメインblog.fc2.com/tag下にあるすべてのURL）

脆弱性の説明：

FC2は、コンピュータのサイバーセキュリティバグの問題があります。これは、XSS攻撃に対して脆弱です。ここでXSSの説明は次のとおりです。「ハッカーは常にWebサイトやWebアプリケーションを侵害し、クレジットカード番号、社会保障番号、さらには医療記録などの機密データの宝庫でオフにする技術をハッキングの幅広いレパートリーで実験されている4クロス。サイトスクリプティングは、（また、XSSやCSSとして知られる）は、一般のVBScript、ActiveXの、HTML、またはFlashはに対して脆弱動的ページに、攻撃者が悪意のあるJavaScriptを埋め込むことができ、最も一般的なアプリケーション層ハッキング技術クロスサイトスクリプティングの一つであると考えられていますデータを収集するために、自分のマシン上でスクリプトを実行して、ユーザーをだます。XSSの使用が有効なユーザーの方に誤解されるか、または最後に悪質なコードを実行できる要求を作成し、操作したり、クッキーを盗む、個人情報を危険にさらす可能性があります-userシステムでは、データは通常、悪質なコンテンツを含むハイパーリンクとしてフォーマットされ、インターネット上の任意の可能な手段を介して配布されています。」 （会社のAcunetix）

 

プログラミングコードの欠陥は、FC2のURL」のファイル名で発生します。 FC2は、URLだけでファイル名の一部をフィルタリングします。ほぼすべてのURLが影響を受けますblog.fc2.com/tagドメインの下に影響を受けています。すなわち
http://blog.fc2.com/tag/drug/
http://blog.fc2.com/tag//アメリカ/
http://blog.fc2.com/tag/tag/翻訳
http://blog.fc2.com/tag//>レシピブログに参加中♪

 

この脆弱性は、ユーザのログインなしで攻撃される可能性があります。試験は、Windows 7でのUbuntuでのFirefox（37.02）（14.04）およびIE（9.0.15）で行いました。

 

POCコード：
http://blog.fc2.com/tag/drug//“><img SRC = X onerror = alert（ ‘justqdjing’）>
http://blog.fc2.com/tag//アメリカ// “> <IMG src = X onerror = alert（ ‘justqdjing’）>
http://blog.fc2.com/tag/tag/翻訳// “> <IMG src = X onerror = alert（ ‘justqdjing’）>
http://blog.fc2.com/tag//>レシピブログに参加中// “> <IMG src = X onerror =alert（ ‘justqdjing’）>

 

 

（1.2）FC2オンラインWebサービスのオープンリダイレクト（未検証のリダイレクトとフォワード）サイバー·セキュリティの脆弱性

（1.2.1）の脆弱性の説明：

FC2オンラインWebサービスは、コンピュータのサイバーセキュリティバグの問題があります。それは、オープンリダイレクト（未検証のリダイレクトとフォワード）攻撃によって悪用される可能性があります。ここでオープンリダイレクトの説明は次のとおりです。「オープンリダイレクトがパラメータを受け取り、何の検証も行わずにパラメータ値にユーザーをリダイレクトするアプリケーションです。この脆弱性は、それを実現することなく、悪質なサイトを訪問するユーザーを取得するためにフィッシング攻撃で使用されています。。 “それの一つの結果はフィッシングで​​す。 （OWASP）

 

プログラムコードの欠陥は、ユーザのログインなしで攻撃される可能性があります。テストは、Windows 7のMicrosoftのIE（9 9.0.8112.16421）で行われた、Mozilla Firefoxの（37.0.2）＆グーグルクロム42.0.2311のUbuntuの（64ビット）（14.04.2）はMac OSのアップルのSafari 6.1.6 X v10.9マーベリックス。

 

実際には、テスト時には、FC2内のURLリダイレクトのバグを見つけることは難しいことではありません。多分fc2.comは、これらの脆弱性を軽減するためにはほとんど注意を払っています。これらのバグはURFDSによって発見されました。

 

（1.2.2）は、次の試験のためのWebページのいずれかを使用します。ウェブページアドレスは「http://securitypost.tumblr.com/」です。このウェブページに悪意であるとすることができます。

 

（1.3）脆弱性の開示：

これらの脆弱性は誰も答えていない2014年にrakuten-cert@rakuten.co.jpすることが報告されました。今までは、彼らはまだパッチを適用していないです。

 

 

 

（2）楽天XSS（クロスサイトスクリプティング）＆オープンリダイレクト

 

ドメイン：
rakuten.com

「楽天株式会社は、（楽天株式会社楽天株式会社-gaisha？）東京、日本に拠点を置く日本の電子商取引やインターネット企業です。そのB2B2Cの電子商取引プラットフォーム楽天市場は、日本最大の電子商取引サイトで、世界の中で販売による最大。三木谷浩史は、MDM、株式会社として1997年2月で会社を設立し、さらにその最高経営責任者（CEO）である。楽天ショッピングモール（楽天市場楽天市場？）1999年6月1997年5月で事業を開始し、同社は社名変更楽天株式会社に日本語ワード楽天楽観を意味している。2012年には、同社の売上高は、米国約US2.44億ドルの営業利益との46億ドルとなりました。2013年6月には、楽天株式会社は、それが世界中の10351名の従業員を有していたと報告した。で2005年、楽天は、主に買収や合弁事業を通じて、日本国外で拡大し始めた。その買収は、Buy.com（米国で今Rakuten.comショッピング）、Priceminister（フランス）、池田（現楽天ブラジル）、Tradoria（今楽天ドイツ）が挙げられます、Play.com（英国）、Wuaki.tv（スペイン）、およびコボ（カナダ）。同社はPinterest、Ozon.ru、AHA生活、毎日のグロメットで投資を行っている。」（ウィキペディア）

 

rakuten.co.jpのAlexaのランクは、第2 toppest日本の地方流通サービスのウェブサイトである5月29日2015年64あります。

 

 

（2.1）楽天ウェブ検索ページXSS（クロスサイトスクリプティング）のWebセキュリティ脆弱性

（2.1.1）の脆弱性の説明：

rakuten.deは、コンピュータのサイバーセキュリティバグの問題があります。これは、XSS攻撃に対して脆弱です。ここでXSSの説明です：「クロスサイトスクリプティング（XSS）攻撃は、悪意のあるスクリプトがそうでなければ良性と信頼できるWebサイトに注入された注入の種類、ある攻撃者が悪意のあるコードを送信するために、Webアプリケーションを使用する際にXSS攻撃が発生しました。 、一般的にブラウザ側スクリプトの形で、別のエンドユーザーに。これらの攻撃が成功することを可能に傷はかなり普及しているWebアプリケーションはそれを検証するか、エンコードせずに生成する出力内のユーザからの入力を使用して任意の場所に発生します。」 （OWSAP）

 

（2.1.2）プログラムコードの欠陥は、に “Q”パラメータで発生する「suchen / ASD /？ “ページ、すなわち、
http://www.rakuten.de/suchen/asd/?category_hierarchy=0&q=reddit_nice_music_news

 

この脆弱性は、ユーザのログインなしで攻撃される可能性があります。テストはWindows 7でのUbuntu（14.04）とIE​​（8.0。7601）にはFirefox（37.02）で行いました。

 

POCコード：
http://www.rakuten.de/suchen/asd/?category_hierarchy=0&q=adcash_shopping_payment ‘/ “> <IMG SRC = X onerror =alert（/ tetraph /）>

 

（2.1.3）の脆弱性の開示：

これらの脆弱性は、現在パッチが適用されます。

 

 

（2.2）楽天オンラインサイトオープンリダイレクト（URLリダイレクション）サイバー·セキュリティの脆弱性

（2.2.1）の脆弱性の説明：

楽天のオンラインウェブサイトは、コンピュータのサイバーセキュリティバグの問題があります。それは、オープンリダイレクト（未検証のリダイレクトとフォワード）攻撃によって悪用される可能性があります。ここでオープンリダイレクトの説明は次のとおりです。「Webアプリケーションは外部サイトへのリンクを指定するユーザ制御入力を受け付け、リダイレクトでそのリンクを使用しています。これは、フィッシング攻撃を簡素化HTTPパラメータがURL値が含まれており、可能性があります。。指定されたURLに要求をリダイレクトするようにWebアプリケーションを引き起こす。悪質なサイトへのURLの値を変更することにより、攻撃者がフィッシング詐欺を起動し、ユーザーの資格情報を盗むことができる。変更されたリンク内のサーバー名が、元のサイトと同じであるため、フィッシングの試みは、より信頼性の高い外観を持っています。」 （CWEから）

 

「完全な情報開示のメーリングリストは脆弱性と搾取の技術だけでなく、ツール、論文、ニュース、コミュニティに関心のあるイベントの詳細な議論のための公開フォーラムです。FDは、研究者のためのオープンな性質とサポートで他のセキュリティ·リストとは異なり「右はより自分の製品を確保するためにベンダーを強制し、公に認め、それらを隠すのではなく、欠陥を修正するために完全な情報開示の動きが入金されている。自分の発見したバグを開​​示する方法を決定する法的脅迫や検閲の試みをベンダーここでは許容されないために！ ” fllowingウェブ証券の非常に多くがここで公開されている、バッファオーバーフロー、HTTPレスポンス分割（CRLF）、CMDインジェクション、SQLインジェクション、フィッシング、クロスサイトスクリプティング、CSRF、サイバー攻撃、未検証のリダイレクトとフォワード、情報漏洩、サービス、ファイルインクルージョン、弱い暗号化、権限昇格、ディレクトリ·トラバーサル、HTMLインジェクション、スパム拒否。

 

プログラムコードの欠陥は、ユーザのログインなしで攻撃される可能性があります。テストは、Windows 7のMicrosoftのIE（9 9.0.8112.16421）で行われた、Mozilla Firefoxの（37.0.2）＆グーグルクロム42.0.2311のUbuntuの（64ビット）（14.04.2）はMac OSのアップルのSafari 6.1.6 X v10.9マーベリックス。

 

楽天リダイレクトの脆弱性かどうかを開くために多くの注意を払っているかどうかわからない、少しだけ日本語を知っているので。

 

 

（2.2.2）は、次の試験のためのWebページのいずれかを使用します。ウェブページアドレスは「http://itinfotech.tumblr.com/」です。このウェブページに悪意であるとすることができます。

 

（2.2.3）の脆弱性の開示：

これらの脆弱性は、現在パッチが適用されていません。

OSVDB 119342, 119323 NetCat CMS Multiple HTTP Response Splitting (CRLF) Web Security Vulnerabilities

Posted by

0

netcat_1

 

OSVDB 119342, 119323 NetCat CMS Multiple HTTP Response Splitting (CRLF) Web Security Vulnerabilities

 

Exploit Title: NetCat CMS Multiple CRLF Security Vulnerabilities

Product: NetCat CMS (Content Management System)

Vendor: NetCat

Vulnerable Versions: 5.01 3.12 3.0 2.4 2.3 2.2 2.1 2.0 1.1

Tested Version: 3.12

Advisory Publication: March 07, 2015

Latest Update: March 07, 2015

Vulnerability Type: Improper Neutralization of CRLF Sequences (‘CRLF Injection’) [CWE-93]

CVE Reference: *

OSVDB Reference: 119342, 119343

Impact CVSS Severity (version 2.0):

CVSS v2 Base Score: 4.3 (MEDIUM) (AV:N/AC:M/Au:N/C:N/I:P/A:N) (legend)

Impact Subscore: 2.9

Exploitability Subscore: 8.6

CVSS Version 2 Metrics:

Access Vector: Network exploitable; Victim must voluntarily interact with attack mechanism

Access Complexity: Medium

Authentication: Not required to exploit

Impact Type: Allows unauthorized modification

Discover and Author: Jing Wang, Division of Mathematical Sciences (MAS), School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences (SPMS), Nanyang Technological University (NTU), Singapore. (@justqdjing)

 

 

 

 

Advisory Details:



(1) Vendor & Product Description:



Vendor:

NetCat

 

Product & Version:

NetCat

5.01 3.12 3.0 2.4 2.3 2.2 2.1 2.0 1.1

 

Vendor URL & Download:

NetCat can be got from here,

http://netcat.ru/

 

Product Introduction:

NetCat.ru is russian local company. “NetCat designed to create an absolute majority of the types of sites: from simple “business card” with a minimum content to complex web-based systems, from corporate offices to online stores, libraries or media data – in other words, projects completely different directions and at any level of complexity. View examples of sites running on NetCat CMS can be in a special section.”

“Manage the site on the basis of NetCat can even inexperienced user, because it does not require knowledge of Internet technologies, programming and markup languages. NetCat constantly improving, adds new features. In the process of finalizing necessarily take into account the wishes of our partners and clients, as well as trends in Internet development. More than 2,000 studios and private web developers have chosen for their projects is NetCat, and in 2013 sites, successfully working on our CMS, created more than 18,000.”

 

 

 

(2) Vulnerability Details:

NetCat web application has a computer security bug problem. It can be exploited by HTTP Response Splitting (CRLF) attacks. This could allow a remote attacker to insert arbitrary HTTP headers, which are included in a response sent to the server. If an application does not properly filter such a request, it could be used to inject additional headers that manipulate cookies, authentication status, or more.

Several other similar products 0-day vulnerabilities have been found by some other bug hunter researchers before. NetCat has patched some of them. CXSECurity is a huge collection of information on data communications safety. Its main objective is to inform about errors in various applications. It also publishes suggestions, advisories, solutions details related to CRLF vulnerabilities and cyber intelligence recommendations.

(2.1) The first code flaw occurs at “/post.php” page with “redirect_url” parameter by adding “%0d%0a%20”.

(2.2) The second code flaw occurs at “redirect.php?” page with “url” parameter by adding “%0d%0a%20”.

 

 

 

 

Reference:
http://www.osvdb.org/show/osvdb/119342
http://www.osvdb.org/show/osvdb/119343
http://lists.openwall.net/full-disclosure/2015/03/07/3
http://seclists.org/fulldisclosure/2015/Mar/36
http://marc.info/?l=full-disclosure&m=142576233403004&w=4
https://www.mail-archive.com/fulldisclosure%40seclists.org/msg01768.html
http://permalink.gmane.org/gmane.comp.security.fulldisclosure/1676
http://securityrelated.blogspot.com/2015/03/netcat-cms-multiple-http-response.html
http://essayjeans.blog.163.com/blog/static/23717307420155142423197/
http://computerobsess.blogspot.com/2015/06/osvdb-119342-netcat-crlf.html
http://diebiyi.com/articles/bugs/netcat-cms-crlf
http://tetraph.blog.163.com/blog/static/234603051201551423749286/
https://webtechwire.wordpress.com/2015/03/14/osvdb-119342-netcat-crlf/
https://itswift.wordpress.com/2015/03/07/netcat-cms-multiple
http://tetraph.com/security/http-response-splitting-vulnerability/netcat-cms-multiple
http://www.inzeed.com/kaleidoscope/computer-web-security/netcat-cms

FC2 fc2.com Online Website URLs XSS (cross site scripting) Vulnerabilities (All URLs Under Domain blog.fc2.com/tag)

Posted by

0

fki_21

 
FC2 fc2.com Online Website URLs XSS (cross site scripting) Vulnerabilities (All URLs Under Domain blog.fc2.com/tag)

 

Domain:
blog.fc2.com/

“FC2 (founded July 20, 1999) is a popular Japanese blogging host, the third most popular video hosting service in Japan (after YouTube and Niconico), and a web hosting company headquartered in Las Vegas, Nevada. It is the sixth most popular website in Japan overall (as of January 2014). FC2 is an abbreviation of “Fantastic Kupi-Kupi (クピクピ)”. It is known to allow controversial adult content such as pornography and hate speech (unlike many of its competitors). The company uses rented office space for its headquarters which it shares with many other U.S.-based businesses. It also pays taxes in the United States. The physical servers are located in the United States. However, it is believed that the majority of the company and its users (including employees) are located within Japan” (Wikipedia)

 

The Alexa rank of fc2.com is 52 on February 18 2015. It is the toppest Japanese local website sevice.

 

 

 fc2_blog_xss1

 

 

fc2_blog_xss2

 

 

 

(1) Vulnerability description:

FC2 has a computer cyber security bug problem. It is vulnerable to XSS attacks. Here is the description of XSS: “Hackers are constantly experimenting with a wide repertoire of hacking techniques to compromise websites and web applications and make off with a treasure trove of sensitive data including credit card numbers, social security numbers and even medical records. Cross-site Scripting (also known as XSS or CSS) is generally believed to be one of the most common application layer hacking techniques Cross-site Scripting allows an attacker to embed malicious JavaScript, VBScript, ActiveX, HTML, or Flash into a vulnerable dynamic page to fool the user, executing the script on his machine in order to gather data. The use of XSS might compromise private information, manipulate or steal cookies, create requests that can be mistaken for those of a valid user, or execute malicious code on the end-user systems. The data is usually formatted as a hyperlink containing malicious content and which is distributed over any possible means on the internet.” (Acunetix)

 

The programming code flaw occurs at fc2 URLs’ filenames . Fc2 only filter part of the filenames in the urls. Almost all urls are affected under domain blog.fc2.com/tag are affected. i.e.
http://blog.fc2.com/tag/drug/
http://blog.fc2.com/tag//アメリカ/
http://blog.fc2.com/tag/tag/翻訳
http://blog.fc2.com/tag//>レシピブログに参加中♪

 

The vulnerability can be attacked without user login. Tests were performed on Firefox (37.02) in Ubuntu (14.04) and IE (9.0.15) in Windows 7. The bugs found by using CSXDS.

 

POC Code:
http://blog.fc2.com/tag/drug//“><img src=x onerror=prompt(‘justqdjing’)>
http://blog.fc2.com/tag//アメリカ//“><img src=x onerror=prompt(‘justqdjing’)>
http://blog.fc2.com/tag/tag/翻訳//“><img src=x onerror=prompt(‘justqdjing’)>
http://blog.fc2.com/tag//>レシピブログに参加中//”><img src=x onerror=prompt(‘justqdjing’)>

 

 

 

Vulnerability Disclosure:
Those vulnerabilities were reported to rakuten-cert@rakuten.co.jp in 2014. No one replied. Until now, they are still unpatched.

 

 

Bug Discover:
Wang Jing, Division of Mathematical Sciences (MAS), School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences (SPMS), Nanyang Technological University (NTU), Singapore. (@justqdjing)
http://www.tetraph.com/wangjing

 

 

=================================

 

 

FC2 fc2.comオンラインのウェブサイトのURL XSS（クロスサイトスクリプティング）脆弱性（ドメインblog.fc2.com/tag下にあるすべてのURL）

 

ドメイン：
blog.fc2.com/

“FC2（エフシーツー）は、アメリカ合衆国ネバダ州ラスベガスに本社を置く、Webサービスおよびホスティングサービスを展開する企業。日本を中心に事業展開を行なっている。社名のFC2は「ファンタスティック・クピ・クピ」の略であるとしている。 会社の代表者は、設立当初から2008年までは日本人の高橋理洋（CEO）が務めたが、2009年からMaurice Bannon、2012年にはLance Wolff Kerness、2014年はDEREK G ROWLEYが務めている。” (ja.wikipedia.org)

 

 

（1）脆弱性の説明：

FC2は、コンピュータのサイバーセキュリティバグの問題があります。これは、XSS攻撃に対して脆弱です。ここでXSSの説明は次のとおりです。「ハッカーは常にWebサイトやWebアプリケーションを侵害し、クレジットカード番号、社会保障番号、さらには医療記録などの機密データの宝庫でオフにする技術をハッキングの幅広いレパートリーで実験されている4クロス。サイトスクリプティングは、（また、XSSやCSSとして知られる）は、一般のVBScript、ActiveXの、HTML、またはFlashはに対して脆弱動的ページに、攻撃者が悪意のあるJavaScriptを埋め込むことができ、最も一般的なアプリケーション層ハッキング技術クロスサイトスクリプティングの一つであると考えられていますデータを収集するために、自分のマシン上でスクリプトを実行して、ユーザーをだます。XSSの使用が有効なユーザーの方に誤解されるか、または最後に悪質なコードを実行できる要求を作成し、操作したり、クッキーを盗む、個人情報を危険にさらす可能性があります-userシステムでは、データは通常、悪質なコンテンツを含むハイパーリンクとしてフォーマットされ、インターネット上の任意の可能な手段を介して配布されています。」 （会社のAcunetix）

 

プログラミングコードの欠陥は、FC2のURL」のファイル名で発生します。 FC2は、URLだけでファイル名の一部をフィルタリングします。ほぼすべてのURLが影響を受けますblog.fc2.com/tagドメインの下に影響を受けています。すなわちhttp://blog.fc2.com/tag/drug/
http://blog.fc2.com/tag//アメリカ/
http://blog.fc2.com/tag/tag/翻訳
http://blog.fc2.com/tag//>レシピブログに参加中♪

 

この脆弱性は、ユーザのログインなしで攻撃される可能性があります。試験は、Windows 7でのUbuntuでのFirefox（37.02）（14.04）およびIE（9.0.15）で行いました。

 

 

POCコード：
http://blog.fc2.com/tag/drug//“><img SRC = X onerror = alert（ ‘justqdjing’）>
http://blog.fc2.com/tag//アメリカ// “> <IMG src = X onerror = alert（ ‘justqdjing’）>
http://blog.fc2.com/tag/tag/翻訳// “> <IMG src = X onerror = alert（ ‘justqdjing’）>
http://blog.fc2.com/tag//>レシピブログに参加中// “> <IMG src = X onerror =alert（ ‘justqdjing’）>

 

 

 

脆弱性の公開：
これらの脆弱性は誰も答えていない2014年にrakuten-cert@rakuten.co.jpすることが報告されました。今までは、彼らはまだパッチを適用していないです。

 

 

バグを発見：
王ジン (Wang Jing)、数理科学研究部門（MAS）、物理的および数理科学科（SPMS）、南洋理工大学（NTU）、シンガポール。 （@justqdjing）
http://www.tetraph.com/wangjing

CVE-2014-9469 vBulletin XSS (Cross-Site Scripting) Web Security Vulnerabilities

Posted by

0

computer2

 

CVE-2014-9469 vBulletin XSS (Cross-Site Scripting) Web Security Vulnerabilities
 

Exploit Title: vBulletin XSS (Cross-Site Scripting) Web Security Vulnerabilities

Product: vBulletin Forum

Vendor: vBulletin

Vulnerable Versions: 5.1.3 5.0.5 4.2.2 3.8.7 3.6.7 3.6.0 3.5.4

Tested Version: 5.1.3 4.2.2

Advisory Publication: February 12, 2015

Latest Update: February 26, 2015

Vulnerability Type: Cross-Site Scripting [CWE-79]

CVE Reference: CVE-2014-9469

Impact CVSS Severity (version 2.0):

CVSS v2 Base Score: 4.3 (MEDIUM) (AV:N/AC:M/Au:N/C:N/I:P/A:N) (legend)

Impact Subscore: 2.9

Exploitability Subscore: 8.6

CVSS Version 2 Metrics:

Access Vector: Network exploitable; Victim must voluntarily interact with attack mechanism

Access Complexity: Medium

Authentication: Not required to exploit

Impact Type: Allows unauthorized modification

Writer and Creditor: Jing Wang [School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences (SPMS), Nanyang Technological University (NTU), Singapore] (@justqdjing)

 

 

Preposition Details:

(1) Vendor & Product Description:

Vendor:

vBulletin

 

Product & Version:

vBulletin Forum

5.1.3 5.0.5 4.2.2 3.8.7 3.6.7 3.6.0 3.5.4

 
Vendor URL & Download:

vBulletin can be acquired from here,

 

Product Introduction Overview:

“vBulletin (vB) is a proprietary Internet forum software package developed by vBulletin Solutions, Inc., a division of Internet Brands. It is written in PHP and uses a MySQL database server.”

Since the initial release of the vBulletin forum product in 2000, there have been many changes and improvements. Below is a list of the major revisions and some of the changes they introduced. The current production version is 3.8.7, 4.2.2, and 5.1.3.

Simplified site set up and customization

The new Site Builder makes it easier than ever to build and manage a site. Customizable page templates, drag-and-drop configuration and in-line site editing simplify page layout. A variety of design themes can be easily selected.
Dynamic tools for content discovery

Customizable content modules provide enhanced content discovery, engaging users into deeper site visits. The vBulletin search has been re-architected to significantly improve the quality of its results, further facilitating content discovery.
Sleek new UI features activity stream and increased social engagement

Improved social functionality includes groups, new user profiles, comments functionality, an integrated messaging hub, social content curation, real-time updates and more.
Expanded photo and video capabilities

The new interface invites users to quickly post photos and video, expanding content on vBulletin sites. This media is then leveraged by being better integrated with the rest of a site’s content. User profiles provide an engaging aggregation of all media posted by them.
Category-leading mobile optimization

The integrated mobile-optimized version ensures smartphone visitors will stay longer and return.
Robust architecture

Improved architecture provides better performance and easier customization

Built-in SEO helps maximize search traffic

Easy-to-use upgrader tool available for vBulletin 3 and 4 sites, plus importer for sites on other forum software”

 

 

(2) Vulnerability Details:

vBulletin web application has a computer security bug problem. It can be exploited by XSS attacks. This may allow a remote attacker to create a specially crafted request that would execute arbitrary script code in a user’s browser session within the trust relationship between their browser and the server.

Several other similar products 0-day vulnerabilities have been found by some other bug hunter researchers before. vBulletion has patched some of them. Gmane (pronounced “mane”) is an e-mail to news gateway. It allows users to access electronic mailing lists as if they were Usenet newsgroups, and also through a variety of web interfaces. Gmane is an archive; it never expires messages (unless explicitly requested by users). Gmane also supports importing list postings made prior to a list’s inclusion on the service. It has published suggestions, advisories, solutions related to important vulnerabilities.

(2.1) The programming code flaw occurs at “forum/help” page. Add “hash symbol” first. Then add script at the end of it.

 

 

 
 
 

References:

https://www.facebook.com/permalink.php?story_fbid=880689078636904&id=825031907535955&__mref=message_bubble

http://shellmantis.tumblr.com/post/118777939056/lifegrey-cve-2014-9469-vbulletin-xss#notes

http://testingcode.lofter.com/post/1cd26eb9_6eec951

https://www.facebook.com/permalink.php?story_fbid=661392814005834&id=594347777377005&__mref=message_bubble

http://tetraph.blogspot.com/2015/05/cve-2014-9469-vbulletin-xss-cross-site.html

https://vulnerabilitypost.wordpress.com/2015/05/12/cve-2014-9469-vbulletin-xss/

https://www.facebook.com/computersecurities/posts/375780759275383?
http://tetraph.lofter.com/post/1cc758e0_6eeac27

https://plus.google.com/102963385033389079817/posts/1ACxSMZYmCS

http://computerobsess.blogspot.com/2015/05/cve-2014-9469-vbulletin-xss-cross-site.html

https://twitter.com/justqdjing/status/598116948245807105

 

 

 

 

CVE-2015-1475 – My Little Forum Multiple XSS Web Security Vulnerabilities

Posted by

0

computer-security-art

CVE-2015-1475  – My Little Forum Multiple XSS Web Security Vulnerabilities

Exploit Title: My Little Forum Multiple XSS Web Security Vulnerabilities

Vendor: My Little Forum

Product: My Little Forum

Vulnerable Versions: 2.3.3  2.2  1.7

Tested Version: 2.3.3  2.2  1.7

Advisory Publication: February 04, 2015

Latest Update: February 11, 2015

Vulnerability Type: Cross-Site Scripting [CWE-79]

CVE Reference: CVE-2015-1475

Impact CVSS Severity (version 2.0):

CVSS v2 Base Score: 4.3 (MEDIUM) (AV:N/AC:M/Au:N/C:N/I:P/A:N) (legend)

Impact Subscore: 2.9

Exploitability Subscore: 8.6

CVSS Version 2 Metrics:

Access Vector: Network exploitable; Victim must voluntarily interact with attack mechanism

Access Complexity: Medium

Authentication: Not required to exploit

Impact Type: Allows unauthorized modification

Credit: Jing Wang [School of Mathematical Sciences (001), University of Science and Technology of China (USTC)] (@justqdjing)


 
 
 

Recommendation Details:

(1) Vendor & Product Description
 

Vendor:

My Little Forum
 

Product & Version:

My Little Forum

2.3.3

2.2

1.7

 
Vendor URL & Download:

http://mylittleforum.net/

 
Product Description:

“my little forum is a simple PHP and MySQL based internet forum that displays the messages in classical threaded view (tree structure). It is Open Source licensed under the GNU General Public License. The main claim of this web forum is simplicity. Furthermore it should be easy to install and run on a standard server configuration with PHP and MySQL.

Features

Usenet like threaded tree structure of the messages

Different views of the threads possible (classical, table, folded)

Categories and tags

BB codes and smilies

Image upload

Avatars

RSS Feeds

Template engine (Smarty)

Different methods of spam protection (can be combined: graphical/mathematical CAPTCHA, wordfilter, IP filter, Akismet, Bad-Behavior)

Localization: language files, time zone and UTF-8 support (see current version for already available languages)”


 
 

(2) Vulnerability Details:

My Little Forum  web application has a computer security bug problem. It can be exploited by XSS attacks. This may allow a remote attacker to create a specially crafted request that would execute arbitrary script code in a user’s browser session within the trust relationship between their browser and the server.

Several similar products vulnerabilities have been found by some other bug hunter researchers before. My Little Forum has patched some of them. The MITRE Corporation is a not-for-profit company that operates multiple federally funded research and development centers (FFRDCs), which provide innovative, practical solutions for some of our nation’s most critical challenges in defense and intelligence, aviation, civil systems, homeland security, the judiciary, healthcare, and cybersecurity. It has published suggestions, advisories, solutions details related to XSS vulnerabilities.

(2.1) The first programming code flaw occurs at “forum.php?” page with “&page”, “&category” parameters.

(2.2) The second programming code flaw occurs at “board_entry.php?” page with “&page”, “&order” parameters.

(2.3) The third programming code flaw occurs at  “forum_entry.php” page with “&order”, “&page” parameters.


 
 
 

References:

http://tetraph.com/security/xss-vulnerability/my-little-forum-multiple-xss-security-vulnerabilities/

http://securityrelated.blogspot.com/2015/02/my-little-forum-multiple-xss-security.html

http://seclists.org/fulldisclosure/2015/Feb/15

https://www.mail-archive.com/fulldisclosure%40seclists.org/msg01652.html

http://permalink.gmane.org/gmane.comp.security.fulldisclosure/1553

http://packetstormsecurity.com/files/authors/11270

http://marc.info/?a=139222176300014&r=1&w=4

http://lists.openwall.net/full-disclosure/2015/02/03/2

http://essaybeans.blogspot.com/2015/05/cve-2015-1475-my-little-forum-multiple.html

http://www.osvdb.org/creditees/12822-wang-jing

https://infoswift.wordpress.com/2015/05/12/cve-2015-1475-my-little-forum-multiple-xss-web-security-vulnerabilities/

https://twitter.com/tetraphibious/status/597971919892185088

http://japanbroad.blogspot.jp/2015/05/cve-2015-1475-my-little-forum-multiple.html

https://www.facebook.com/tetraph/posts/1649600031926623

http://user.qzone.qq.com/2519094351/blog/1431403836

https://www.facebook.com/permalink.php?story_fbid=460795864075109&id=405943696226993

https://plus.google.com/+wangfeiblackcookie/posts/Sj63XDPhH1j

http://essayjeans.blog.163.com/blog/static/2371730742015412037547/#

http://whitehatpost.lofter.com/post/1cc773c8_6ed5839

http://whitehatview.tumblr.com/post/118754859716/cve-2015-1475-my-little-forum-multiple-xss-web

 

CVE-2014-9468 InstantASP InstantForum.NET Multiple XSS (Cross-Site Scripting) Security Vulnerabilities

Posted by

0

macbook-keyboard

CVE-2014-9468 InstantASP InstantForum.NET Multiple XSS (Cross-Site Scripting) Security Vulnerabilities

Exploit Title: InstantASP InstantForum.NET Multiple XSS (Cross-Site Scripting) Security Vulnerabilities

Product: InstantForum.NET

Vendor: InstantASP

Vulnerable Versions: v4.1.3 v4.1.1 v4.1.2 v4.0.0 v4.1.0 v3.4.0

Tested Version: v4.1.3 v4.1.1 v4.1.2

Advisory Publication: Feb 18, 2015

Latest Update: Feb 18, 2015

Vulnerability Type: Cross-Site Scripting [CWE-79]

CVE Reference: CVE-2014-9468

CVSS Severity (version 2.0):

CVSS v2 Base Score: 4.3 (MEDIUM) (AV:N/AC:M/Au:N/C:N/I:P/A:N) (legend)

Impact Subscore: 2.9

Exploitability Subscore: 8.6

Credit: Wang Jing [Mathematics, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore]

Advisory Details:

(1) Vendor & Product Description:

Vendor:

InstantASP

Product & Version:

InstantForum.NET

v4.1.3 v4.1.1 v4.1.2 v4.0.0 v4.1.0 v3.4.0

Vendor URL & Download:

InstantForum.NET can be downloaded from here,

http://docs.instantasp.co.uk/InstantForum/default.html?page=v413tov414guide.html

Product Introduction:

“InstantForum.NET is a feature rich, ultra high performance ASP.NET & SQL Server discussion forum solution designed to meet the needs of the most demanding online communities or internal collaboration environments. Now in the forth generation, InstantForum.NET has been completely rewritten from the ground-up over several months to introduce some truly unique features & performance enhancements.”

“The new administrator control panel now offers the most comprehensive control panel available for any ASP.NET based forum today. Advanced security features such as role based permissions and our unique Permission Sets feature provides unparalleled configurable control over the content and features that are available to your users within the forum. Moderators can easily be assigned to specific forums with dedicated moderator privileges for each forum. Bulk moderation options ensure even the busiest forums can be managed effectively by your moderators.”

“The forums template driven skinning architecture offers complete customization support. Each skin can be customized to support a completely unique layout or visual appearance. A single central style sheet controls every aspect of a skins appearance. The use of unique HTML wrappers and ASP.NET 1.1 master pages ensures page designers can easily integrate an existing design around the forum. Skins, wrappers & master page templates can be applied globally to all forums or to any specific forum.”

(2) Vulnerability Details:

InstantForum.NET has a security problem. It can be exploited by XSS attacks.

(2.1) The first vulnerability occurs at “Join.aspx” page with “SessionID” parameter of it.

(2.2) The second vulnerability occurs at “Logon.aspx” page with “SessionID” parameter of it.

References:


Articles of New York Times Before 2013 May Vulnerable to XSS Attacks

Posted by

0

SSL-1

 

New York Times articles’ pages dated before 2013 may suffer from an XSS (Cross-site Scripting) vulnerability, according to the report posted by security researcher Wang Jing. Wang is a mathematics Ph.D student from School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore. He published his discovery in well-known security mail list Full Disclosure.

 

According to Wang, all pages before 2013 that contain buttons such as “PRINT”,”SINGLE PAGE”, “Page” and “NEXT PAGE” are affected by the XSS vulnerability. Meanwhile, the researcher also published a proof of concept video to prove the existence of the XSS flaw.

 

As of yet, there are no known cases of criminals exploiting the Times’ XSS issue in order to attack users. However, according to Wang, the threat is possible, and the New York Times has a big enough audience that an XSS attack, even via its older articles, could still affect a broad number of users. The affected New York Times articles are still indexed in Google search engines, and are still frequently hyperlinked in other articles.

 

However according to the researcher, New York Times has now a much safer mechanism, implemented sometime in 2013, that sanitizes all URLs sent to its server.

 

Cross-site scripting (XSS) vulnerabilities usually reside in web applications and can be used by attackers to modify the normal flow of the web page. A cybercriminal can use it easily to perform URL redirect, mine for victim’s browser details, session hijacking, phishing, or even steal cookies.

 

XSS issues are not entirely uncommon. So far we have seen that Google, Amazon, Microsoft, Yahoo and Facebook all had this kind issue reported.

 

 

Related News:

 
 
 

Odnoklassniki.ru (OK.RU) Online Website Covert Redirect Web Security Bugs Based on Google.com

Posted by

0

maxresdefault

 

Odnoklassniki.ru (OK.RU) Online Website Covert Redirect Web Security Bugs Based on Google.com

 



(1) Domain:
Odnoklassniki.ru

 

“Odnoklassniki, OK.ru (Russian: Одноклассники -Classmates) is a social network service for classmates and old friends. It is popular in Russia and former Soviet Republicsz. The site was developed by Albert Popkov on March 4, 2006. The website currently claims that it has more than 200 million registered users and 45 million daily unique visitors. Users have to be at least seven years old to make an account. Odnoklassniki also currently has an Alexa Internet traffic ranking of 69 worldwide and 7 for Russia. Revenues in the first quarter of 2008 for Odnoklassniki amounted to $3.3 million. The site has been online for at least eight years. Compared with internet averages, Odnoklassniki.ru’s users tend to be under the age of 35, and they tend to be men earning less than $30,000 who have postgraduate educations and browse from home. The site is particularly popular among users in Kyrgyzstan (where it is ranked #4) and Armenia (#5).” (Wikipedia)

 

 

 

 

(2) Vulnerability Description:
Odnoklassniki.ru web application has a computer security problem. Hacker can exploit it by Covert Redirect cyber attacks.


The vulnerabilities can be attacked without user login. Tests were performed on Microsoft IE (10.0.9200.16750) of Windows 8, Mozilla Firefox (34.0) & Google Chromium 39.0.2171.65-0 ubuntu0.14.04.1.1064 (64-bit) of Ubuntu (14.04)，Apple Safari 6.1.6 of Mac OS X Lion 10.7.

 

 

 

The vulnerability occurs at “odnoklassniki.ru/dk?” page with “&st.link” parameter, i.e.
http://www.odnoklassniki.ru/dk?cmd=logExternal&st.cmd=logExternal&st.name=62335557910585&st.link=http%3A%2F%2Fgoogle.com

 

 

 

(2.1) When a user is redirected from Odnoklassniki.ru to another site, Odnoklassniki.ru will check whether the redirected URL belongs to domains Odnoklassniki.ru’s whitelist, e.g.
google.com

 

However, if the URLs in a redirected domain have open URL redirection vulnerabilities themselves, a user could be redirected from Odnoklassniki.ru to a vulnerable URL in that domain first and later be redirected from this vulnerable site to a malicious site. This is as if being redirected from Odnoklassniki.ru directly.

 

One of the vulnerable domain is,
google.com

 

 

 

(2.2) Use one of webpages for the following tests. The webpage address is “http://tetraphlike.lofter.com/“. Can suppose that this webpage is malicious.

 

Vulnerable URL:
http://www.odnoklassniki.ru/dk?cmd=logExternal&st.cmd=logExternal&st.name=62335557910585&st.link=http%3A%2F%2Fodnoklassniki.ru

 

 

POC:
http://www.odnoklassniki.ru/dk?cmd=logExternal&st.cmd=logExternal&st.name=62335557910585&st.link=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.google.com%2Faccounts%2FLogout%3Fservice%3Dwise%26continue%3Dhttp%253A%252F%252Fgoogleads.g.doubleclick.net%252Faclk%253Fsa%253DL%2526ai%253DCtHoIVxn3UvjLOYGKiAeelIHIBfLQnccEAAAQASAAUNTx5Pf4_____wFgvwWCARdjYS1wdWItMDQ2NjU4MjEwOTU2NjUzMsgBBOACAKgDAaoE5AFP0NHr5cHwFmWgKNs6HNTPVk7TWSV-CDHX83dKdGSWJ2ADoZNIxUHZwjAODRyDY_7nVtpuqSLOTef4xzVxDQ2U22MNbGak33Ur7i2jDB8LdYt9TbC3ifsXmklY5jl3Zpq4_lP7wagVfjt0–tNPPGTR96NGbxgPvfHMq9ZsTXpjhc_lPlnyGjlWzF8yn437iaxhGRwYLt_CymifLO2YaJPkCm9nLpONtUM-mstUSpKQrP2VjjaZkbDtuK0naLLBV37aYEY4TzWQi8fQGN47z4XgpinBCna91zQayZjn2wxccDCl0zgBAGgBhU%2526num%253D0%2526sig%253DAOD64_3Qi4qG3CRVHRI5AHSkSGuL7HJqSA%2526client%253Dca-pub-0466582109566532%2526adurl%253Dhttp%253A%252F%252Fwww.tetraph.com%252Fkaleidoscope.html

 

 

POC video:
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Cf_-xPsYD-s

 


Blog Detail:
http://tetraph.blogspot.com/2014/05/odnoklassnikiru-covert-redirect.html







(3) What is Covert Redirect?

Covert Redirect is a class of security bugs disclosed in May 2014. It is an application that takes a parameter and redirects a user to the parameter value without sufficient validation. This often makes use of Open Redirect and XSS (Cross-site Scripting) vulnerabilities in third-party applications.

 

Covert Redirect is also related to single sign-on. It is known by its influence on OAuth and OpenID. Hacker may use it to steal users’ sensitive information. Almost all OAuth 2.0 and OpenID providers worldwide are affected. Covert Redirect can work together with CSRF (Cross-site Request Forgery) as well. After Covert Redirect was published, it is kept in some common databases such as SCIP, OSVDB, Bugtraq, and X-Force. Its scipID is 13185, while OSVDB reference number is 106567. Bugtraq ID: 67196. X-Force reference number is 93031.



Discover and Reporter:
Wang Jing, Division of Mathematical Sciences (MAS), School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences (SPMS), Nanyang Technological University (NTU), Singapore. (@justqdjing)
http://tetraph.com/wangjing/

 

 

 

 

More Details:
http://tetraph.com/security/covert-redirect/odnoklassniki-ru-covert-redirect-vulnerability-based-on-google/
http://securityrelated.blogspot.com/2014/10/odnoklassnikiru-covert-redirect.html
http://whitehatpost.lofter.com/post/1cc773c8_706b5e4
https://mathfas.wordpress.com/2014/10/15/odnoklassniki-ru-covert-redirect-vulnerability-based-on-google/
https://twitter.com/yangziyou/status/614327346808664064
http://ithut.tumblr.com/post/119494119203/securitypost
https://vulnerabilitypost.wordpress.com/2014/10/15/odnoklassniki-ru-covert-redirect-vulnerability-based-on-google/
http://tetraph.blog.163.com/blog/static/23460305120144511829839/
http://computerobsess.blogspot.com/2014/10/odnoklassnikiru-covert-redirect.html
http://www.inzeed.com/kaleidoscope/covert-redirect/odnoklassniki-ru-covert-redirect-vulnerability-based-on-google/

 

 

 

===========

 

 

 

 

 

Одноклассники (социальная сеть)

 

«Однокла́ссники» (OK.ru) — социальная сеть, принадлежащая Mail.Ru Group. Седьмой по популярности сайт в России, Казахстане и на Украине, 67-й — в мире. Проект запущен 4 марта 2006 года.

 

По данным собственной статистики сайта, на июль 2011 года зарегистрировано более ▲ 100 миллионов пользователей, на март 2012 года более ▲ 148 миллионов пользователей, а на 1 января 2013 года более ▲ 205 млн пользователей. Посещаемость сайта — ▲ более 44 миллионов посетителей в сутки. (ru.wikipedia)

LinkedIn Online Service OAuth 2.0 Covert Redirect Web Security Bugs (Information Leakage & Open Redirect)

Posted by

0

logolinkedin

 

LinkedIn Online Service OAuth 2.0 Covert Redirect Web Security Bugs (Information Leakage & Open Redirect)

 

(1) Domain:
linkedin.com

 

“LinkedIn /ˌlɪŋkt.ˈɪn/ is a business-oriented social networking service. Founded in December 2002 and launched on May 5, 2003, it is mainly used for professional networking. In 2006, LinkedIn increased to 20 million members. As of March 2015, LinkedIn reports more than 364 million acquired users in more than 200 countries and territories. The site is available in 24 languages, including Arabic, Chinese, English, French, German, Italian, Portuguese, Spanish, Dutch, Swedish, Danish, Romanian, Russian, Turkish, Japanese, Czech, Polish, Korean, Indonesian, Malay, and Tagalog. As of 2 July 2013, Quantcast reports LinkedIn has 65.6 million monthly unique U.S. visitors and 178.4 million globally, a number that as of 29 October 2013 has increased to 184 million. In June 2011, LinkedIn had 33.9 million unique visitors, up 63 percent from a year earlier and surpassing MySpace. LinkedIn filed for an initial public offering in January 2011 and traded its first shares on May 19, 2011, under the NYSE symbol “LNKD”.” (Wikipedia)

 

 

 

 

(2) Vulnerability Description:

LinkedIn web application has a computer security problem. Hacker can exploit it by Covert Redirect cyber attacks.

 

The vulnerabilities can be attacked without user login. Tests were performed on Microsoft IE (10.0.9200.16750) of Windows 8, Mozilla Firefox (34.0) & Google Chromium 39.0.2171.65-0 ubuntu0.14.04.1.1064 (64-bit) of Ubuntu (14.04)，Apple Safari 6.1.6 of Mac OS X Lion 10.7.

 

 

 


(2.1) Vulnerability Detail:

Linkedin’s OAuth 2.0 system is susceptible to Attacks. More specifically, the authentication of parameter “&redirct_uri” in OAuth 2.0 system is insufficient. It can be misused to design Open Redirect Attacks to Linkedin.

 

It increases the likelihood of successful Open Redirect Attacks to third-party websites, too.

 

LinkedIn replied with thanks and said that they “have published a blog post on how [they] intend to address [the problem].”

 

 

Blog address:
https://developer.linkedin.com/blog/register-your-oauth-2-redirect-urls

 

 

The vulnerabilities occurs at page “/oauth2/authorization?” with parameter “&redirect_uri”, e.g.
https://www.linkedin.com/uas/oauth2/authorization?response_type=code&client_id=773svxj8m007qf&state=5316b8f3ea22a6.60933041&redirect_uri=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.inc.com%2Flogout%3Fret%3Dhttp%3A%2F%2Fwww.tetraph.com%2Fessayjeans%2Fpoems%2Fthatday.html [1]

 

When a logged-in Linkedin user clicks the URL ([1]) above, he/she will be asked for consent as in whether to allow a third-party website to receive his/her information. If the user clicks OK, he/she will be then redirected to the URL assigned to the parameter “&redirect_uri”.

 

If a user has not logged onto Linkedin and clicks the URL ([1]) above, the same situation will happen upon login.

 

 

 

(2.1.1) Linkedin would normally allow all the URLs that belong to the domain of an authorized third-party website. However, these URLs could be prone to manipulation. For example, the “&redirect_uri” parameter in the URLs is supposed to be set by the third-party websites, but an attacker could change its value to make Attacks.

 

Hence, a user could be redirected from Linkedin to a vulnerable URL in that domain first and later be redirected from this vulnerable site to a malicious site unwillingly. This is as if the user is redirected from Linkedin directly. The number of Linkedin’s OAuth 2.0 client websites is so huge that such Attacks could be commonplace.

 

Linkedin’s OAuth 2.0 system makes the redirects appear more trustworthy and could potentially increase the likelihood of successful Open Redirect Attacks of third-party website.

 

At the same time, attackers could completely bypass Linkedin’s authentication system and attack more easily.

 

It might be of Linkedin’s interest to patch up against such attacks.

 

 

 

(2.2) Use one of webpages for the following tests. The webpage is “http://homehut.lofter.com/“. Can suppose it is malicious.

 

Below is an example of a vulnerable third-party domain:
inc.com

 

Vulnerable URL in this domain:
http://www.inc.com/logout?ret=http://www.tetraph.com/essayjeans/poems/thatday.html

 

Vulnerable URL from Linkedin that is related to inc.com:
https://www.linkedin.com/uas/oauth2/authorization?response_type=code&client_id=773svxj8m007qf&state=53169feb993957.93834988&redirect_uri=http%3A%2F%2Fdev-www.inc.com%2Fpatch%2Freflex%2Flib%2Flinkedin%2Fstartlogin.php

 

POC:
https://www.linkedin.com/uas/oauth2/authorization?response_type=code&client_id=773svxj8m007qf&state=5316b8f3ea22a6.60933041&redirect_uri=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.inc.com%2Flogout%3Fret%3Dhttp%3A%2F%2Fwww.tetraph.com%2Fessayjeans%2Fpoems%2Fthatday.html

 

 


POC Video:
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=iif6eq2cvso

 

Blog Detail:
http://tetraph.blogspot.com/2014/05/linkedin-oauth-20-covert-redirect.html

 

 

 

(3) What is Covert Redirect?

Covert Redirect is a class of security bugs disclosed in May 2014. It is an application that takes a parameter and redirects a user to the parameter value without sufficient validation. This often makes use of Open Redirect and XSS (Cross-site Scripting) vulnerabilities in third-party applications.

 

Covert Redirect is also related to single sign-on. It is known by its influence on OAuth and OpenID. Hacker may use it to steal users’ sensitive information. Almost all OAuth 2.0 and OpenID providers worldwide are affected. Covert Redirect can work together with CSRF (Cross-site Request Forgery) as well.



 

Discover and Reporter:
Wang Jing, Division of Mathematical Sciences (MAS), School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences (SPMS), Nanyang Technological University (NTU), Singapore. (@justqdjing)
http://tetraph.com/wangjing/

 

 

 

 

 

Related Articles:
http://tetraph.com/security/covert-redirect/linkedin-oauth-2-0-covert-redirect-vulnerability/
http://computerobsess.blogspot.com/2014/07/linkedin-service-exploit.html
https://twitter.com/tetraphibious/status/559169110106316800
https://webtechwire.wordpress.com/2014/06/07/linkedin-bugs/
http://securityrelated.blogspot.com/2014/07/linkedin-service-exploit.html
http://ithut.tumblr.com/post/119493922098/securitypost-itinfotech-continuan-los
http://tetraph.blog.163.com/blog/static/23460305120144385617661/
https://computertechhut.wordpress.com/2014/06/11/linkedin-bugs/
http://itsecurity.lofter.com/post/1cfbf9e7_70608ba
http://www.inzeed.com/kaleidoscope/covert-redirect/linkedin-oauth-2-0-covert-redirect-vulnerability/